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Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the branch of AI that enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language. NLP powers search engines, chatbots, translation tools, voice assistants, and sentiment analysis systems.

Quick facts
- Powers Google Search's ability to understand query meaning, not just keywords
- Used in tools like ChatGPT, Google Translate, Grammarly, and Siri
- Key NLP tasks: text classification, sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, summarisation
- Google's BERT and MUM updates brought advanced NLP to search ranking

Related terms: Artificial Intelligence · Large Language Model · Generative AI · GEO · Search intent

How does NLP work?
NLP models are trained on large text datasets to learn grammar, context, and meaning. Modern NLP uses transformer architectures — the same foundation as LLMs — to process entire sentences at once rather than word by word, enabling much better understanding of context and intent.

FAQ

How does NLP affect SEO?
Google uses NLP to understand what a query actually means, not just which keywords it contains. This means content that clearly answers a question in natural language performs better than content stuffed with exact-match keywords.

What is sentiment analysis?
Sentiment analysis is an NLP technique that classifies text as positive, negative, or neutral. Businesses use it to analyse customer reviews, social media mentions, and support tickets at scale.

Is NLP the same as AI?
NLP is a subfield of AI focused specifically on language. All NLP is AI, but not all AI is NLP.

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